Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

Question: How would you explain diabetes mellitus type 1 to an 8 year old? Do you have any online resources, etc, that I could use?

Answer: Indigo! It is the most common form of diabetes in children: 90-95 per cent of under 16s with diabetes have this type. It is caused by the inability of the pancreas to produce insulin. Type 1 diabetes is classified as an autoimmune disease, meaning a condition in which the body's immune system 'attacks' one of the body's own tissues or organs. In Type 1 diabetes it's the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas that are destroyed. the cause of childhood diabetes is not understood. It probably involves a combination of genes and environmental triggers. The majority of children who develop Type 1 don't have a family history of diabetes. The main symptoms are the same as in adults. They tend to come on over a few weeks: thirst weight loss tiredness frequent urination. Symptoms that are more typical for children include: tummy pains headaches behaviour problems. The specialised nature of managing childhood diabetes means that most children are cared for by the hospital rather than by their GP. Most children with diabetes need insulin treatment. If this is the case, your child will need an individual insulin routine, which will be planned with the diabetes team. Most now use frequent daily dosage regimes of fast-acting insulin during the day and slow-acting insulin at night. Very small children normally don't need an injection at night, but will need one as they grow older. Increasing numbers of older children use continuous insulin pumps. Often in the first year after diagnosis, your child may need only a small dose of insulin. This is referred to as 'the honeymoon period'. As well as insulin treatment, good glucose control and avoidance of ‘hypos’ (low blood glucose attacks) is important. This is because many of the complications of diabetes increase with the length of time diabetes has been present. For more info visit http://www.reddiabetes.com

Question: What complications or disease can arise from Diabetes Mellitus Type 1, child onset? and how does diabetes cause these complications or diseases?

Answer: kidney problems,blindness,poor circulation,poor wound healing,amputation of legs, arms,feet and heart problems.

Question: Diabetes Mellitus type 1 ( IDDM)? what is the age of the oldest person that you know of that has/had Diabetes type 1? what complications (if any) did they suffer from? did the complications cause their death, if they have already died?

Answer: There are some interesting findings on how chocolate can help with diabetes, type 1 & 2. RAW chocolate helps with inflammation of the cells. Through clinical trials they determined that the cells became more receptive to insulin (type 2) and that the beta cells(in the pancreas?) began to secrete some insulin again (type 1). Chocolate is amazing in it's raw natural form. The commercial candy companies took a perfect product and messed it all up. It must be raw (uncooked). Heating it kills most of the beneficial nutrients. This chocolate is raw, it is not bitter. It is wonderful. My niece has type 1 and has added this to her diet. I firmly believe that our bodies naturally crave to be balanced and healthy. We need to find the right things to help with that process. Also, Yes, this chocolate is recommended for diabetics. No refined sugar, no caffeine, no preservatives, no waxes or fats added. They combine the two most powerful antioxidant foods on the earth, cocoa and acai berry. Take a look at these two sites. www.mydrchocolate.com www.eatwellchocolates.com email me if you would like to talk more.

Question: what is the different of treatment between diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2? pharmacology and non-pharmacology... thanks...

Answer: Diabetes 1 your body produces no insulin and you must take insulin to keep your blood sugar under control (diet, excercise and oral hypoglycemics will sometimes be given to help control sugars). Diabetes 2 your body does not produce enough insulin so treatment is aimed at helping your body control sugar ... start by controlling diet, then add oral hypoglycemics (metformin, glyburide, avandia etc...) and insulin only if necessary. HbAic test to see wether treatment is helping with longterm sugar control. Hope this helps, C

Question: Explain why patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 lose weight?

Answer: Weight gain or loss. Because your body is trying to compensate for lost fluids and sugar, you may eat more than usual and gain weight. But the opposite also can occur. You may eat more than normal, but still lose weight because your muscle tissues don't get enough glucose to generate growth and energy. This is especially true if you have type 1 diabetes, in which very little sugar gets into your cells. In fact, most people with type 1 diabetes are at or below their normal weight. u can also go to this website to learn more of type 1 diabetes mellitus http://www.uchsc.edu/sm/endo/brochures/d…

Question: Diabetes mellitus type 1 is marked by low insulin levels. In the liver, low insulin levels lead to increased? glucose due to the lack of conversion into glycogen. In fat and muscle cells, low insulin levels lead to increased glucose levels due to the lack of glucose transporters on the cell surface. Which of the following scenarios provides the best explanation for this? a) Insulin uses different receptors to elicit different responses in liver as compared to muscle/fat cells b) The insulin pathway that activates glucose transporters in muscle/fat cells deactivates glycogen biosynthesis in the liver c) Muscle/fat cells and liver cells have different transducers and responders available to be utilized by the insulin pathway. d) GLUT4 is only found in liver cells e) Liver cells use G-protein coupled receptors while muscle/fat cells use tyrosine kinase receptors

Answer: In the absence of insulin, glucose remains in the blood and causes hyperglycemia (high blood sugar). The liver is unable to metabolize the glucose and turns on the pathways for glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. These pathways then produce additional glucose from glycogen, amino acids and glycerol. So in a nutshell the answer to your question is B.

Question: If Type 1 diabetes mellitus depend on external insulin for control, what did they do before insulin discovered? did people just die???

Answer: Check out diabetes history on line. It is very interesting. Prior to the 1920s, kids with diabetes could only eat veggies boiled and rinsed 3X. They usually starved to death. I have a first addition book on diabetes by Dr. Joslin who clearly states that medication is of no help in controlling diabetes.

Question: Discuss the patient’s diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. How would you diagnosis a child with this? Case Study #1: Diabetes Hannah is a 10-year-old girl who has recently been diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. She is a 4th grade student at Hendricks Elementary School. Prior to her diagnosis, Hannah was very involved in sports and played on the girls volleyball team. Her mother is concerned about how the diagnosis will affect Hannah. 1. Discuss the patient’s diagnosis. Include a definition of the actual disease or condition. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus once known as “juvenile onset� diabetes or “insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus,� is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism caused by inadequate production of insulin by the pancreas or faulty use of insulin by the cells. Insulin is a hormone needed to convert sugar (glucose) into energy. Although type 1 diabetes can develop at any age, it typically appears during childhood or adolescence. 2. Identify the factors which could have caused or lead to the particular disease or condition. 3. Describe the signs and symptoms which are associated with the disease or condition. 4. Discuss the diagnostic testing that is usually performed in order to formally diagnose the particular disease or condition. 5. Identify the appropriate treatment (including therapies, medications, etc) which the patient may be prescribed for his/her particular diagnosis. 6. Discuss potential barriers to therapy which the patient may experience due to their unique situation. 7. Discuss alternative treatments which may also benefit the patient. 8. Describe the typical prognosis for a patient with the disease or condition. 9. Identify patient teaching which would benefit the patient in your case study. I have to do a paper for school and looking for a good website to answer these question.

Answer: WWW.diabetes.org is the official website for the American Diabetes Assoc.

Question: which hormone is deficient in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients?

Answer: Insulin. In Type 1 diabetes mellitus, the cells of the pancreas produce little or no insulin to regulate blood glucose level appropriately. It can occur at any age, but usually starts in people younger than 30. It also has a strong genetic link.

Question: The treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus may include..? A frequent ingestion of candy. B glycogen injections. C administration of digestive enzymes. D pancreatic islet transplantation. E liver transplantation.

Answer: B and D... You might need glycogen injections if you get too much insulin and the blood sugar gets too low. There is such a thing as pancreas transplant and that would include islet cells.