Sickle Cell Anemia

Question: What proportion of their children is expected to be afflicted with sickle-cell anemia? A man who is sick for sickle-cell anemia, a recessive genetic disease, marries a normal heterozygous woman. What proportion of their children is expected to be afflicted with sickle-cell anemia?

Answer: Lets say S is normal and s is the gene for sickle cell. The woman is heterozygous so she will be genotype Ss while the male will be ss. Using the punnet square: ____S____s s___Ss___ss s___Ss___ss 50% of their children will have sickle cell anaemia Edit: Nita is incorrect. Heterozygotes are usually asymptomatic. Homozygotes are prone to multiple complications, some lethal and are are likely to need multiple transfusions throughout their life and have a shortened life expectancy but there are treatments available

Question: 1)what impact does sickle cell anemia has on the individual? 2)Other health complications that occur as a result of sickle cell anemia. 3)State what the life expectancy is for someone who has sickle cell anemia. 4)What research is being done currently in respect to sickle cell anemia.

Answer: As sickle cell is a blood disorder, it could cause other issues to the body.. including muscle and lung conditions. If treated, life expectancy is normal. I dont know any current researches for this blood disorder, but if you search google im sure you will find something.

Question: A girl has sickle cell anemia and AB blood. Two couples think they are her grandparents and ask you to help? A child orphaned in her country is being raised in a group home. She has sickle-cell anemia and type AB blood. Two couples believe they are her grandparents and ask you, a genetic counselor, to help determine the truth. What do you suggest?

Answer: is any of the parents are black? the black grandparents are the true grandparents. if none of them are black, then they are not the grandparents. if both are black, then, do blood tests on both grandparents and see if they are positive for the sickle cell trait.. it is usually just the black people who have the sickle cell trait, and if both parents have it, it can be passed on as the sickle cell disease.,,okay, that's all i know, i hope this helps a little bit, sorry, thank you

Question: What is the life expectancy of someone with Sickle Cell Anemia? For biology, I have to do a project on a genetic disease and my disease is Sickle Cell Disease or Sickle Cell Anemia. If anyone has this disease or knows Information that could help me, like what the life expectancy of someone with this disease or how it can be treated , what it is like every day, and some limitations a person has that would be very helpful!

Answer: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/sickle-cell-anemia/DS00324

Question: What can you tell me about Sickle Cell Anemia? I need to do a project on the genetic disease Sickle Cell Anemia. What can you tell me about it that would help?

Answer: This is a genetic disease found in African populations. The normal shape of a red blood cell (rbc) is round. In sickle cell disease the cells are shaped like a sickle or crescent. Because they are oddly shaped they become "sticky" in a sense. They clump together in small blood vessels, which causes pain. The RBC's are also really prone to breakdown, which leaves a person with not enough RBC's causing anemia. Because the liver metabolizes dead RBC's it sometimes becomes overwhelmed by all the breakdown and so the person may have jaundice. These people are also at risk for strokes, as well as shortness of breath, blindness, pulmonary hypertension and organ failure. They are also prone to infection, so children are started on antibiotic therapy when they are about 2 months old until they are about 4 or 5 and their immune system becomes more able to handle infections. As an interesting note, people with sickle cell anemia are immune to malaria, so case with milder symptoms may actually be beneficial in parts of Africa where malaria is endemic. If you want a good website, go to www.mayoclinic.com and type sickle cell anemia in the search box. It's easy to follow and will probably give you most of the information you need for your report.

Question: Sickle cell anemia is caused by what small change in DNA structure? I know half the answer? I know that sickle cell anemia is a point mutation where there is a simple change in one base of the gene sequence. Does anyone know the exact place or name of the change in sickle cell anemia? Thanks.

Answer: Sickle-cell anaemia is caused by a point mutation in the β-globin chain of hemoglobin, causing the amino acid glutamic acid to be replaced with the hydrophobic amino acid valine at the sixth position. The β-globin gene is found on the short arm of chromosome 11. The association of two wild-type α-globin subunits with two mutant β-globin subunits forms hemoglobin S (HbS). Under low-oxygen conditions (being at high altitude, for example), the absence of a polar amino acid at position six of the β-globin chain promotes the non-covalent polymerisation (aggregation) of hemoglobin, which distorts red blood cells into a sickle shape and decreases their elasticity.

Question: What is the connection between sickle cell anemia and malaria? a. Both are X-linked. b. Heterozygotes for sickle cell anemia have some resistance to malaria. c. Both are autosomal recessive. d. Both are dominant. e. Heterozygotes for malaria have some resistance to sickle cell anemia

Answer: Heterozygous for sickle cell anemia gives resistance to malaria. That is why sickle cell anemia is more common in Africa, where malaria is also more common.

Question: What is the best way to deal with a partner with sickle-cell anemia? My 36 year-old partner is battling sickle-cell anemia, and he is in frequent pain, and his right hip is deterioratiing, so he may need it replaced eventually. He is on a lot of medication, and he is anxious and irritable all of the time, so he takes tranquilizers as well. We share an apeartment together. He and I love and care about each other, and when he feels well, he treats me well. However, when he isn't feeling well, he's a mild asshole. He starts treating me mean, calling me names and treating me like I'm his slave. When he has a severe crisis, he turns into a full-on asshole. On top of being in severe pain, he treats me and the hospital staff like crap. Then he'll get into his whine mode. He starts claining that the doctors and nurses are racist, that they're not doing enough for him, and he demands things from me (gettting food for him, etc.) then turns around and calls me a bitch. This is driving me insane! I love the guy, but he can be sooo hard to live with!

Answer: I'm only about half his age (I'll be 20 in a few months), but I have sickle-cell so I know the pain he's going through. However, the name-calling is uncalled for (pardon the pun), especially towards the hospital staff. His meds may not be strong enough, because I know when I have a crisis and take medication for it, I feel (somewhat) back to normal. Be calm but FIRM and let him know it's uncalled for.

Question: If black people are more likely to get sickle-cell anemia, does that mean that there are genetic differences? If black people are more likely to get sickle-cell anemia, then what is responsible for that? Does it have anything to do with genetics at all? If it has to do with genetics, then does that mean that the genetic differences can be based on something that could conceivably be called "race"? If this difference is not based on something called "race", then what do we call this something?

Answer: No it is because it became prevalent in an area of Africa where malaria was a big problem and it made the survival rate from the malaria higher so it was passed down. That makes it more common in people of African descent, it has nothing to do with race. http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/sickle-cell-anemia/DS00324/DSECTION=causes

Question: Is it possible for white people to have Sickle Cell Anemia? There is a history Sickle Cell Anemia in my family. However , there are no links to the black community that are apperent in recent history? Please excuse my ignorance on Sickle Cell Anemia. Is it possible that it could skip many generations? I am just not sure what to think now. I have lots of questionsto ask and would like to be pointed in the write direction for information?

Answer: I HOPE THIS HELPS.... Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary disorder that mostly affects people of African ancestry, but also occurs in other ethnic groups, including people who are of Mediterranean and Middle Eastern descent. More than 70,000 Americans have sickle cell anemia. And about 2 million Americans - and one in 12 African Americans - have sickle cell trait (this means they carry one gene for the disease, but do not have the disease itself). Sickle cell anemia occurs when a person inherits two abnormal genes (one from each parent) that cause their red blood cells to change shape. Instead of being flexible and round, these cells are more rigid and curved in the shape of the farm tool known as a sickle - that's where the disease gets its name. The shape is similar to a crescent moon. What Is Sickle Cell Anemia? Sickle cell anemia is a blood disorder that affects hemoglobin (pronounced: hee-muh-glow-bin), a protein found in red blood cells that helps carry oxygen throughout the body. Red blood cells with normal hemoglobin (HbA) move easily through the bloodstream, delivering oxygen to all of the cells of the body. Normal red blood cells are shaped like doughnuts with the centers partially scooped out and are soft and flexible. Sickle cell anemia occurs when an abnormal form of hemoglobin (HbS) is produced. HbS molecules tend to clump together, making red blood cells sticky, stiff, and more fragile, and causing them to form into a curved, sickle shape. Red blood cells containing HbS can go back and forth between being shaped normally and being sickle shaped until they eventually become sickle shaped permanently. Instead of moving through the bloodstream easily, these sickle cells can clog blood vessels and deprive the body's tissues and organs of the oxygen they need to stay healthy. Unlike normal red blood cells that last about 4 months in the bloodstream, fragile sickle cells break down after only about 10 to 20 days, which usually causes anemia. Anemia (pronounced: uh-nee-mee-uh) is what happens when the body's number of red blood cells (or amount of hemoglobin) falls below normal. People who are anemic often feel weak and tire more easily. People with sickle cell anemia can also experience complications from blood circulation and infection-fighting problems. These include a higher risk of certain infections and stroke as well as a condition called acute chest syndrome, which is caused by infection or trapped red blood cells in the lungs. Sickle cell anemia is not contagious, so you can't catch it from someone else or pass it to another person like a cold or other infection. People with sickle cell anemia have inherited two sickle cell genes, one from each parent. A child who has inherited the sickle cell gene from only one parent will not develop the disease, but will have sickle cell trait. People who have sickle cell trait don't have sickle cell anemia or symptoms of the disease, but they can pass the sickle cell gene to their own children. Because people with sickle cell trait don't have the disease, they may never discover that they carry the gene. That's why it's recommended that teens who are unsure of their sickle cell status ask their doctors about testing. The National Institutes of Health recommends that all newborns be screened for sickle cell disease, and testing at birth is now required in almost every state. This helps infants with sickle cell anemia get the care and treatment they need right away. What Can You Do to Stay Well? With the right precautions, teens with sickle cell disease can do most of the stuff other teens do. To stay as healthy as possible, people with sickle cell anemia should take these steps: Eat a balanced, healthy diet. Take vitamins, including folic acid supplements, as prescribed. Drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration. Avoid extreme cold or heat. Exercise regularly, but in moderation. Exercise is important for staying healthy, but overdoing it can trigger a crisis in some people, particularly if they become dehydrated, overheated, or exhausted. Get plenty of rest. Avoid alcohol, drugs, and smoking, which can aggravate sickle cell disease and its symptoms. Some people with sickle cell disease are prone to lung problems, so smoking is particularly risky. Avoid places low in oxygen. (For example, it's not a good idea to go hiking at high altitudes or spend lots of time swimming under water.) Prevent serious infections by contacting your doctor as soon as illness symptoms start. Be sure to get any immunizations (such as pneumonia and flu vaccines) that the doctor recommends. Learn as much as you can about the disease and see your doctor regularly to help prevent complications. There are some limits that people with sickle cell disease may need to put on their lives, but with the help of doctors, friends, and family, teens with sickle cell anemia can manage the disease and live their lives to the fullest.

Question: Can sickle-cell anemia be detected from a test that determines blood type? I know that the typical test for sickle-cell anemia is a hemoglobin electrophoresis, but I am wondering if the prescence of hemoglobin can be detected during a test that identifies a person's blood type? I'm not sure what the test for blood type actually consists of. Do you just examine the blood sample under a microscope? If so, wouldn't you be able to see the sickle shape of the blood cells?

Answer: No. Blood typing is based upon an antibody-antigen reaction that is not examined under a microscope (except in certain rare conditions). Some times on the stained slide portion of a CBC, fragmented and sickle cells are seen which would then trigger the electrophoresis test for Hgb S.

Question: What is the connection between sickle-cell anemia and malaria? What is the connection between sickle-cell anemia and malaria? a. Both are X-linked. b. Both are autosomal recessive. c. Both are dominant. d. Heterozygotes for malaria have some resistance to sickle-cell anemia. e. Heterozygotes for sickle-cell anemia have some resistance to malaria

Answer: The answer is E. because being a heterozygote means you are just a carrier of the trait...and this gives rise to a resistance to malaria

Question: Which of the following describes the symptoms of sickle cell anemia? Which of the following describes the symptoms of sickle cell anemia? A. Blood failing to clot B. Mucus clogging organs such as the lungs and liver C. A central nervous system that begins deteriorating in infancy D. Poor blood circulation

Answer: D from process of elimination

Question: Can someone have Sickle Cell Anemia in the Army, if they are already in the Army? Is it possible for someone to stay in the Army if they have just found out, that they have sickle cell anemia? Even though they have been in for two years?

Answer: If it was found by a military medical officer, you will most likely be given a medical discharge. Be sure to file for compensation from the VA for it. It's one of those ailments that if it was caused by service or found after enlistment is eligible for comp.

Question: Where can i find the chromosomes of a human with sickle cell anemia? I'm doing this extra credit project for Biology and I've been looking for three days to find the chromosomes of a person with sickle cell anemia and i have yet to find it. the only thing that comes up is a diagram of the pairs of NORMAL human chromosomes, could this also be that the chromosomes of a normal human is the same as the humans with mutated blood cells????

Answer: I have sickle cell and you can't tell by looking at chromosomes. The only way to tell if a person has sickle cell or not is looking at the persons red blood cells

Question: What is the life span of someone with Sickle Cell Anemia? just in general, how long does a person with sickle cell anemia usually live? i have only ever heard of around 40, but i am curious, are there people that live longer than that? any help would be greatly appreciated Thanks in advance

Answer: Well honestly I am not positive about the age expectancy of a person with sickle cell anemia, I'm pretty sure it depends on complications and other illnesses the disease allows. Personally my mother is 56 and she has sickle cell anemia and secondary pulmonary hypertension as well as many other ailments. But there have to be many other people around her age that live over 50. She recieves blood transfusions every 2 weeks btu she is still alive :)