Protein Energy Malnutrition

Question: how does protein energy malnutrition develop?

Answer: by given more protein from egg. and consultansion with the doktor

Question: Malnutrition!!!? Protein-energy malnutrition is a type of malnutrition. i wanted to know everything about it especially its causes and symptoms such as stunting and wasting. It gives rise to two forms of disease: marasmus and kwashiorkor. Plz highlight on these as well. If possible plz provide any good websites for future references and research. Thnx a lot for ur help. Ur efforts won't be wasted, ill reward 10 points for the best answer.

Answer: Definition Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a potentially fatal body-depletion disorder. It is the leading cause of death in children in developing countries. Description PEM is also referred to as protein-calorie malnutrition. It develops in children and adults whose consumption of protein and energy (measured by calories) is insufficient to satisfy the body's nutritional needs. While pure protein deficiency can occur when a person's diet provides enough energy but lacks the protein minimum, in most cases the deficiency will be dual. PEM may also occur in persons who are unable to absorb vital nutrients or convert them to energy essential for healthy tissue formation and organ function. Although PEM is not prevalent among the general population of the United States, it is often seen in elderly people who live in nursing homes and in children whose parents are poor. PEM occurs in one of every two surgical patients and in 48% of all other hospital patients. Types of PEM Primary PEM results from a diet that lacks sufficient sources of protein and/or energy. Secondary PEM is more common in the United States, where it usually occurs as a complication of AIDS, cancer, chronic kidney failure, inflammatory bowel disease, and other illnesses that impair the body's ability to absorb or use nutrients or to compensate for nutrient losses. PEM can develop gradually in a patient who has a chronic illness or experiences chronic semi-starvation. It may appear suddenly in a patient who has an acute illness. Kwashiorkor Kwashiorkor, also called wet protein-energy malnutrition, is a form of PEM characterized primarily by protein deficiency. This condition usually appears at the age of about 12 months when breastfeeding is discontinued, but it can develop at any time during a child's formative years. It causes fluid retention (edema); dry, peeling skin; and hair discoloration. Marasmus Primarily caused by energy deficiency, marasmus is characterized by stunted growth and wasting of muscle and tissue. Marasmus usually develops between the ages of six months and one year in children who have been weaned from breast milk or who suffer from weakening conditions like chronic diarrhea. [And much more info on the source link below]:

Question: When people are deprived of protein, energy or both the result is:? a.) Protein-energy malnutrition b.) Protein digestibility c.) Protein Turnover d.)None of the above

Answer: I would say A

Question: Are all vegetarians/vegans one day going to be wiped out due to lack of nutrition? Protein from animal sources (meat, fish, dairy products, egg white) is considered high biological value protein or a "complete" protein because all nine essential amino acids are present in these proteins. An exception to this rule is collagen-derived gelatin which is lacking in tryptophan. Plant sources of protein (grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds) generally do not contain sufficient amounts of one or more of the essential amino acids. Thus protein synthesis can occur only to the extent that the limiting amino acids are available. These proteins are considered to have intermediate biological value or to be partially complete because, although consumed alone they do not meet the requirements for essential amino acids, they can be combined to provide amounts and proportions of essential amino acids equivalent to high biological proteins from animal sources. Plants that are entirely lacking in essential amino acids are considered incomplete proteins or sources of low biological value protein. These sources include most fruits and vegetables. A low biological value means that it is difficult or impossible to compensate for insufficient amounts of essential amino acids by combining different sources as with partially complete proteins. Now comes the fun part. If you have an essential amino acid deficiency your body your body needs to get the essentials aminos from somewhere - your body begins to cannabilise itself. This leads to a condition known as Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) PEM has the following clinical features: weight loss, diarrhea, loss of lean body mass, muscle weakness, depigmented hair and skin, pressure sores, and depressed immune function. WOW! Healthy now aren't we?

Answer: My wife is a Registered Dietitian with a Masters in Nutrution and a license to provide nutrition counseling working closely with doctors and other health care professionals. We are both vegetarians. What are your qualifications? Anyone can type a bunch of misinformation.

Question: I'm having trouble writting my essay..please help me !!!!? Fisrt of all, english is my second language and I would really appreciate it if you could help me..I don't know what else I can do so please please please help me !!! I had to find a bad piece of wrtting on the internet and write an essay about it which desirbe why it's bad and why people shouldn't be reading it ? what can we do to improve this piece of writting ?why shouldn't people reading it? How this piece of writitng is diffrent from something with literary merit? OK.....I found this piece of writting on the internet,but I don't know how to answer these questions and write my essay ??? I have been trying to do that for 3 days and I'm still stuck..can you please give me some ideas to start with ..anything would be appreciate it. This essay is about Golden Rice : Rice that can solve the nutritional problems in many developing countries and that would be virtually free for the consumers? Could this be true? Golden rice is a genetically engineered crop that is supposed to be the answer for vitamin-A deficiencies in humans. But is this miracle rice really what it is all cracked up to be? benefits of Golden rice really outweigh the cost, the health and environmental risks, and the social problems that come along with it? Each year more than one million vitamin-A deficiency associated childhood deaths occur. According to the World Health Organization, as many as 230 million children are at risk of clinical or sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency, or VAD, a conditional that is largely preventable. “VAD makes children ‘especially’vulnerable to infections and worsens the course of many infections�; it is the single most important cause of blindness among children of developing countries. VAD usually occurs in India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand and the Philippians, where rice is a staple food because normal rice grains do not contain beta-carotene, which can help prevent it. When researches led by Ingo Potrykus at the Swiss Federal Institute figured out how to get rice to produce beta-carotene, which the body turns into vitamin A, it appeared to be the answer people had been looking for to help solve nutritional problems around the world. To produce Golden Rice, researchers genetically engineered a laboratory variety of japonica rice. Japonica rice is adapted to temperate weather in Europe. They inserted three foreign genes into the rice: one from the bacterium Erwinia uredover and two from daffodils. Adding the beta-carotene to the rice turns it yellow, hence the name Golden Rice. The researchers claimed that this miracle Golden Rice was going to solve the world's VAD problems and the malnutrition of the world. Malnutrition is generally extremely high in rice-eating populations. But, these people's malnourishment is not directly due to the consumption of rice (Comstock, 2002). How much vitamin A a person can absorb depends on their overall nutrition, which includes adequate amounts of proteins, vitamin E, zinc, and fats. Fat and oil are necessary in the process of changing pro-vitamin A to vitamin A that is used in the body. Zinc insufficiency may lead to an impairment of vitamin A metabolism. Many people, who are suffering from vitamin A deficiency, are also experiencing generalized protein-energy malnutrition and intestinal infections that greatly interfere with the absorption and the conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A (Brown, 2001). Even Dr. Ingo Potrykus has admitted that there is not one published study that proves that the human body can convert the beta-carotene in genetically engineered rice to vitamin A. Furthermore, Golden Rice appears likely to generate only a fraction of the additional vitamin A intake it initially promised. A report by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine states that a 4-year old would have to eat 54 bowls of Golden Rice each day to get all the vitamin A in the recommended daily allowance. An adult would need to eat 10 pounds of rice a day. Gordon Conway, a spokesperson for the Rockefeller Foundation, who was financially supporting the study of Golden Rice, in a rebuttal of a statement by a campaigner against GM foods, stated that, "[Golden Rice] provides and excellent complements to fruits, vegetables, and animal products in diets and to various fortified foods and vitamin supplements." Golden Rice is an unstable construct; it is made up of a combination of genes and genetic material from viruses and bacteria, much that are associated with diseases in plants, and from other non-food species. To construct it, it is spliced into an artificial vector that is made from genetic parasites that are inside of cells. The vector used in Golden Rice is derived from the 'T-DNA,' which is part of the tumor-inducing genetic parasite of Agrobacterium, a soil bacterium. The genetic parasite, or plasmid, invades plant cells, inserting the T-DNA into the cell genome, causing the cell to develop into a tumor or gall. Golden Rice's ins

Answer: holy sh-it im not reading all that well at least i got my 2 points

Question: Having toruble writting my essay...please help !!!!!? Fisrt of all, english is my second language and I would really appreciate it if you could help me..I don't know what else I can do so please please please help me !!! I had to find a bad piece of wrtting on the internet and write an essay about it which desirbe why it's bad and why people shouldn't be reading it ? what can we do to improve this piece of writting ?why shouldn't people reading it? How this piece of writitng is diffrent from something with literary merit? OK.....I found this piece of writting on the internet,but I don't know how to answer these questions and write my essay ??? I have been trying to do that for 3 days and I'm still stuck..can you please give me some ideas to start with ..anything would be appreciate it. This essay is about Golden Rice : Rice that can solve the nutritional problems in many developing countries and that would be virtually free for the consumers? Could this be true? Golden rice is a genetically engineered crop that is supposed to be the answer for vitamin-A deficiencies in humans. But is this miracle rice really what it is all cracked up to be? benefits of Golden rice really outweigh the cost, the health and environmental risks, and the social problems that come along with it? Each year more than one million vitamin-A deficiency associated childhood deaths occur. According to the World Health Organization, as many as 230 million children are at risk of clinical or sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency, or VAD, a conditional that is largely preventable. “VAD makes children ‘especially’vulnerable to infections and worsens the course of many infections�; it is the single most important cause of blindness among children of developing countries. VAD usually occurs in India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand and the Philippians, where rice is a staple food because normal rice grains do not contain beta-carotene, which can help prevent it. When researches led by Ingo Potrykus at the Swiss Federal Institute figured out how to get rice to produce beta-carotene, which the body turns into vitamin A, it appeared to be the answer people had been looking for to help solve nutritional problems around the world. To produce Golden Rice, researchers genetically engineered a laboratory variety of japonica rice. Japonica rice is adapted to temperate weather in Europe. They inserted three foreign genes into the rice: one from the bacterium Erwinia uredover and two from daffodils. Adding the beta-carotene to the rice turns it yellow, hence the name Golden Rice. The researchers claimed that this miracle Golden Rice was going to solve the world's VAD problems and the malnutrition of the world. Malnutrition is generally extremely high in rice-eating populations. But, these people's malnourishment is not directly due to the consumption of rice (Comstock, 2002). How much vitamin A a person can absorb depends on their overall nutrition, which includes adequate amounts of proteins, vitamin E, zinc, and fats. Fat and oil are necessary in the process of changing pro-vitamin A to vitamin A that is used in the body. Zinc insufficiency may lead to an impairment of vitamin A metabolism. Many people, who are suffering from vitamin A deficiency, are also experiencing generalized protein-energy malnutrition and intestinal infections that greatly interfere with the absorption and the conversion of beta-carotene to vitamin A (Brown, 2001). Even Dr. Ingo Potrykus has admitted that there is not one published study that proves that the human body can convert the beta-carotene in genetically engineered rice to vitamin A. Furthermore, Golden Rice appears likely to generate only a fraction of the additional vitamin A intake it initially promised. A report by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine states that a 4-year old would have to eat 54 bowls of Golden Rice each day to get all the vitamin A in the recommended daily allowance. An adult would need to eat 10 pounds of rice a day. Gordon Conway, a spokesperson for the Rockefeller Foundation, who was financially supporting the study of Golden Rice, in a rebuttal of a statement by a campaigner against GM foods, stated that, "[Golden Rice] provides and excellent complements to fruits, vegetables, and animal products in diets and to various fortified foods and vitamin supplements." Golden Rice is an unstable construct; it is made up of a combination of genes and genetic material from viruses and bacteria, much that are associated with diseases in plants, and from other non-food species. To construct it, it is spliced into an artificial vector that is made from genetic parasites that are inside of cells. The vector used in Golden Rice is derived from the 'T-DNA,' which is part of the tumor-inducing genetic parasite of Agrobacterium, a soil bacterium. The genetic parasite, or plasmid, invades plant cells, inserting the T-DNA into the cell genome, causing the cell to develop into a tumor or gall. Golden Rice's ins

Answer: If you think about what made you pick this particular piece of writing as an example of bad writing, you will have the answers to some of your questions. Was it the fact that it is obviously a non-native translation? The incomplete sentences? The inverted word order? The run-on sentences? The faulty logic? The fact that what is supposed to be a sales pitch is written in such technical (and therefore boring) language? The suspicion that part of the writing is unattributed plagiarism, since the English gets better in some parts than in others? Then give an example of each problem that you find with the writing.

Question: any nutrition experts? please help!!? i have an exam tomorrow and need help with a few questions, i cant find the answers on the internet, can any1 help? 1) which of these carbohydrate sources has the lowest glycaemic index? milk chocolate whole wheat spaghetti potato lentils 2)which of these factors demonstrates the best correlation with the incidence of coronary heart disease? obesity salt intake plasma triglyceride levels plasma totalcholesterol levels 3)which of these foods demonstrate a strong correlation with cancer of the colon? Fats Omega-3 fattyacids simple carbohydrates meat 4)which of the following immune system changes does NOT occur as a result of protein energy malnutrition reduced T-lymphocyte counts Increased levels of antibodies Reduced levels of complement reduced neutrophil activity if you can only answer 1 or 2 that will still be most helpful, but please don't just guess if you know any good websites that could help would be great, thankyou

Answer: lentils plasma total cholestrol levels meat reduced neutrophil activity

Question: Science Homeowrk help! PLEASE answer!? could u answer these plz? dont worry i'm not cheating because its not actually Homeowrk. I'm studying for a test. and i made up some questions to help me. u dont have to answer them all but please please do some research and try to get them all!!!! please don't just write silly answers! plz. thanks you guys!!!!! best answer is teh one who answered teh most! u'll get 5 points!! 1.What is digestion? Why is it necessary?
 2.What are the nutrients found in food? What is each used for? 
3.How do you test for the presence of starch, glucose, protein, and fat?
 4.What is malnutrition? Give three examples.
 5.Why does the body need water?
 6.What is peristalsis?
 7.What is the digestive system? What does each organ in the digestive system do? 
8.Why is the pH of the stomach low?
 9.What does bile do?
 10.What are villi?
 11.Why are “good� bacterial present in the large intestine?
 12.Why is it important to eat indigestible material (fibre)?
 13.What are enzymes? List 3 different enzymes and explain where it is made and what nutrient it breaks down.
 14.What are amino acids?
 15.What are fatty acids and glycerol?
 16.What is glucose? 
17.Where are digested nutrients absorbed?
 18.What does the large intestine do?
 19.What is cellular respiration? Include a word equation in your answer.
 20.What units are used to measure the energy in food?

Answer: O.M.G Nikita is that you? its amy here. Ask the teacher. That's what I'm going to do. See ya 2morrow!

Question: Will u loose weight fast if you only eat fruit and vegetables? There's a 7 day diet that boosts your metabolism. It only lasts those 7 days but it works. In the first few days, you'll burn between 7 and 15 lbs. It's called the prefast diet. It takes away your cravings for anything unhealthy too. Go over to www.worldprayercenter.org. Click to enter. Then find the prefast diet on the righthandside of the screen. Click there. The diet works but it's really tough to last the 7 days. Source(s): Pre-Fast Diet Below is a pre-fasting diet which will helps cleanse the body from toxins, but stimulates metabolism of your body. You will probably lose seven to twelve pounds in one week, depending on your present body weight. 6 large green onions, (scallions - but we used regular onions), 2 green peppers, 1 or 2 large cans of tomatoes, 1 bunch of celery, 1 large head of cabbage, 1 pkg of Lipton Onion Soup Mix. Season with salt, pepper, curry, parsley, etc., if desired, or 6 bouillon cubes. (Note: Half of this recipe was made and used according to following instructions by two people for four days. We kept it continually hot in a crock pot.) Cut vegetables in small to medium pieces and cover with water. Boil fast for ten minutes. Reduce to simmer and continue cooking until vegetables are tender. This can be eaten anytime you are hungry. Eat as much as you want, whenever you want at any time of the day. This soup will not add calories; the more you eat, the more you lose. If eaten alone for indefinite periods, you would suffer malnutrition. Fill a thermos in the morning if you will be away during day. Day One. All fruits except bananas. Your first day should consist of all the fruit you want, except bananas. Cantaloupes and watermelons are lower in calories than most fruits. Eat only your soup and fruits the first day. For drinks – unsweetened tea, cranberry juice, or water. Day Two. All vegetables. Eat until you are stuffed with all the fresh, raw, or cooked vegetables of your choice. Try to eat green, leafy vegetables and stay away from dry beans, peas, and corn. Eat all the vegetables you want along with your soup. At dinner time on this day, reward yourself with a big baked potato and butter. Eat all the soup you want this day, but don’t eat fruits. Day Three. Mix day one and day two. Eat all the soup, fruit, and vegetables you want. You CAN’T have a baked potato this day. IF YOU HAVE EATEN AS ABOVE FOR THREE DAYS AND HAVE NOT CHEATED, YOU WILL FIND THAT YOU WILL HAVE LOST FIVE TO SEVEN POUNDS. Day Four. Bananas and skimmed milk. Eat as many as eight bananas and drink as many glasses of skimmed milk as you can on this day along with your soup. Bananas are high in calories and so is the milk, but on this particular day of our diet your body will need the potassium and the carbohydrates, proteins and calcium to lessen your craving for sweets. Day Five. Beef and tomatoes (or salad). You may have 10-20 ounces this day. Try to drink as many as 6-8 glasses of water this day to wash away the uric acid in your body. Eat your soup at least once this day. Day Six. Beef and veggies. Eat to your heart's content of beef and vegetables this day. You can even have two or three steaks if you like with green, leafy vegetables but no baked potatoes. Be sure to eat soup at least once this day. Day Seven. Brown rice, unsweetened fruit juices and vegetables. Again, stuff, stuff, stuff yourself. Be sure to eat soup at least once today. BY THE END OF THE SEVENTH DAY, IF YOU HAVE NOT CHEATED ON THE DIET, YOU WILL FIND THAT YOU HAVE LOST 10-17 POUNDS. IF YOU HAVE LOST MORE THAN 15 POUNDS, STAY OFF THE DIET FOR TWO DAYS BEFORE RESUMING. This seven day eating plan can be used as often as you like. As a matter of fact, if correctly followed, it will clean your system of impurities and give you a feeling of well-being as never before. After only days of this process, you will begin to feel lighter, at least 10 and possibly 17 pounds, and have an abundance of energy. Continue this plan as long as you wish and feel the difference. This diet is a fast, fat-burning diet. the secret is that you will burn more calories than you take in. It will flush your system of impurities and give you a feeling of well-being. This diet does not lend itself to drinking any alcoholic beverages at any time because of the removal of fat buildups in your system. Go off the diet at least 24 hours before any intake of alcohol. Because everyone’s digestive system is different, this diet will affect everyone differently.

Answer: This sounds like a detox diet. I did one, its horrible. I was starving and cranky after day 1.

Question: Why Do I Feel Tired Except At Night? I'm aware this has been asked a million tired, I've heard all the obvious responses. See I don't have Malnutrition, if anything I'm a health freak and watch my protein, and sugar and eat 3 full course meals a day. I get enough sleep, and I run every morning, but I feel exhausted all the time. I've lately started to realize, that I have dark bags under my eyes, all the time, my eyes always turn a reddish color. I remember I use to wake up feeling regenerated and good. Now, when I wake up I usually have a bad case of phlegm, and my stomach usually feels irritated and a bit of wanting to vomit, and a cough. It's been on going for a while and everyday it feels worse, I get extremely tired where I feel like I can't even move my muscles, even if I spend ALL day in a bed.. I still feel exhausted, even if I sleep 15 hours and wake up I will feel like I'm ready for bed, there is no point of the day that I DO NOT feel tired. but however, the only time I do feel good, is if I go to bed lets say around 9pm and wake up at 1 in the morning, I feel great. If I wake up extremely early I feel great, it seems at night I feel very regenerated but when daylight comes, it's like it drains all my energy? I'm not sure what causes this, I don't believe humans can be "Nocturnal" but why am I so exhausted that I feel like passing out, and why does it seem that at night time is the only time I ever actually feel healthy? oh and I'm also NOT STRESSED at all, I meditate everyday and I'm generally a jolly person, So I know this is really hard question, but if any suggestions to where I can start researching I would appreciate it. I'm tired of feeling tired :(

Answer: What kind of tiredness are you feeling? Have you described these symptoms to your doctor? I've known a few friends who have had odd, off-the-wall, no-reason-for-these-symptoms types of distressing symptoms. It ranges from lack of sleep, lack of appetite, general fatigue, weight loss, weight gain, difficulty losing weight, difficulty concentrating, excessive depression, ect, ect.. Check out thyroid disease, it might be a good place to start. Also, my father complained of the same symptoms for about a month before he caught a bad viral infection that caused his first lapse. It turned out he had multiple sclerosis which can affect the brain. And additionally, you could be fooling yourself about your stress level. Research your symptoms, take a closer look at your daily life. Are you missing something in your diet? Do you need a supplement? Do hormonal deficiencies or disorders run in your family? And one more thing... it could be psychological. Perhaps daylight is triggering something in your brain. Did you ever have a night shift job? A period in your life where you lived in darkness? Or is it a subconscious fear? Check into it. I hope one of these things leads you in the right direction. Google is your friend!