Hemoglobin C Disease

Question: Compared with normal hemoglobin, the hemoglobin of a person with sickle cell disease? a. is longer. b. is shorter. c. has a different sequence of amino acids. d. is wider. People who are heterozygous for sickle cell disease are generally healthy because a. they are resistant to malaria. b. they usually have some normal hemoglobin in their red blood cells. c. their abnormal hemoglobin usually doesn’t cause their red blood cells to become sickle shaped. d. they do not produce abnormal hemoglobin.

Answer: b. is shorter Sickle cell causes red blood cells to become deformed causing their oxygen carrying capacity to be lower than a normal person. This causes health related issues with the person thus lowering lifespan. c. their abnormal hemoglobin usually doesn’t cause their red blood cells to become sickle shaped. A person with sickle cell has a homozygous recessive genotype which is (aa) . A heterozygous (Aa) does not sickle the cell, but it does lower hemoglobin's oxygen carrying capacity compared that to a normal person with a homozygous dominant genotype of (AA). Thought I edit in the explanations hope it helps.

Question: i have a question concerning hemoglobin c? my oldest son has hemoglobin c and my younger son has hemoglobin c triat.... i hear each pregnancy concerning me has a 25 % that the newborn will either have hemoglobin c or the trait.... why is this? and why did my son come out having the trait and the other the disease? if anyone knows about this please write back... thanks...

Answer: Hemoglobin C (abbreviated as Hb C or HbC) is an abnormal hemoglobin with substitution of a lysine residue for glutamic acid residue at the 6th position of the ß-globin chain.[1] This mutated form reduces the normal plasticity of host erythrocytes. In those who are heterozygous for the mutation, about 28–44% of total hemoglobin (Hb) is HbC, and no anemia develops. In homozygotes, nearly all Hb is in the HbC form, resulting in moderate normocytic hemolytic anemia. Target cells, microspherocytes and HbC crystals are found in a blood smear from a homozygous patient. Individuals heterozygous for both HbC and Hb S (Hb SC disease) or for HbC and thalassemia are known, and have atypical hemolytic anemias; sickling is enhanced in Hb SC disease. Hemoglobin C is found predominantly in West Africa and has been shown to protect against severe malaria. The "C" designation for HbC is from the name of the city where it was discovered

Question: The disease sickle cell anemia is a good example of what may happen? a.) when there is not enough iron in the diet b.) when there is not sufficient heme in the hemoglobin c.) A red blood cell doesn't bind enough oxygen d.) RBC's clump cause hemolysis e.) When an amino acid residue is altered in the protein molecule i got c but i think it could be e as well im not to sure what do you think?

Answer: Well, I would go with e. Just checked an old text book, definitely e. The altered amino acid is responsible for the altered shape. EDIT:To those who answered D, I think you have cause and affect reversed. altered amin acid --> sickle cell anemia --> hemolysis Sickle cell anemia results in hemolysis, but hemolysis does not cause sickle cell anemia. The altered amino acid does. Look at the link, it says so in the first paragraph.

Question: Which of the following effects the amount of oxygen that diffuses into the blood at the alveoli? a. The pO2 gradient across the respiratory membrane b. The amount hemoglobin in blood c. Diseases causing fluid between the capillary endothelium and epithelial cells of the alveoli d. All of the above

Answer: All of the above.

Question: Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disease that occurs when the amino acid valine takes the place of glutamic? acid during translation of a hemoglobin chain. Which of the following DNA mutations causes this disease? A) CTT changes to CAT B) GAA changes to GUU C) CUC changes to CAG D) CAG changes to CTC

Answer: >B is the answer. GAA codes glutamic acid which is replaced by GUU i.e.valine. >its an example of point mutation where glutamic acid which is present at position 6th of beta chain of hemoglobin is replaced by valine.

Question: Blood Biology Questions M.C. Stuck! Please help, urgent....? 1. After an injury, blood loss is prevented by a) platelets b) hemoglobin c) red blood cells d) white blood cells 2. Vaccination provides immunity to disease-causing organisms by introducing a) antibodies, which inhibit the production of antigens b) anigens, which inhibit the production of antibodies c) antibodies, which simulate the production of antigens d) antigens, which stimulate the production of antibodies 3. Antibodies are important in the defence of the body. They... a) are produced by antigens present in the blood b) are produced in response to bacteria and viruses in the blood or tissues c) combine with phagocytes to form cells that are resistant to invading particles d) combine with antigens to form chemical compounds that protect the body against bacteria or viruses 4. In some cases of heart disease, doctors may perform a heart transplant. Identical twins are good donors and/or recipients of transplants between each other because a) antigens from identical twins are blocked from reaching white blood cells b) antibodies from identical twins are blocked from reaching white blood cells c) the white blood cells do not identify the transplanted tissue as being foreign d) the function of the white blood cells is suppressed when a transplant organ comes from an identical twin 5. Which of the following blood components attacks infection-causing bacteria? a) Platelets b) Blood plasma c) Red blood cells d) White blood cells

Answer: 1. A 2. D. 3. B 4. C 5. D you are welcome

Question: Pneumonia is a disease in which the alveoli of the lungs? become filled with fluid. Blood returning to the heart from an infected lung carries much less oxygen than normal because a) There is less hemoglobin in the blood b) Oxygen dissolves better in liquids than in air, and thus does not leave the lungs c) The concentration of carbon dioxide is too high in the alveoli, and oxygen cannot enter the lungs d) the surface area for gas exchange has been greatly reduced

Answer: d. is the correct answer due to ventilation/perfusion mismatching ....

Question: Anyone who has knowledge on the disease Scurvy? I have been set a Science Assignment and have chosen to do Scurvy under the catergory 'Disease.' I have written a short report which i plan to present as an oral presentation along with a PowerPoint slideshow. If you have any knowledge on the subject please read my report, comment and/ or suggest other points for me to include. PLEASE! I really want good marks for this and I'd love some expert advice. Scurvy is a non-infectious deficiency disease caused by a lack or Vitamin C. Scurvy can cause many infections and disfigurations including liver spots, 'spongy' gums and bleeding from all mucous membranes. (These membranes line various body cavities that are exposed to the external environment and internal organs.) Scurvy is also often referred to as Barlow's Disease, after Sir Thomas Barlow, a british physician who first described it. Scurvy does not only infect humans, animals such as Primates and Guinea Pigs are also at risk as they have a natural Vitamin C defficiency. The symptoms of this disease include 'Purplish' spots on the skin, especially the legs 'Spongy' gums Bleeding Mucous Membranes Pallor (a reduced amount of oxyhemoglobin in skin or mucous membranes which results in pale colouration of the skin.) -Oxyhemoglobin is the oxygen-loaded form of hemoglobin, the predominant protein in red blood cells. Sunken Eyes Opening of healed scars Separation of knitted bone fractures. History Scurvy was first discovered in the early 13th Century, however it was not until 1747 that citrus was proven as the best and most affective cure. The connection between Vitamin C and Scurvy was not discovered until 1932. Modern Incidence Infants and elderly people are at high risk of Scurvy and it is very common for people of that category to become infected with the disease. (Even I had it when I was a baby!!!) Scurvy is rare in adults, however if they become infected Scurvy can easily prove fatal, much like the mumps. Prevention Scurvy can easily be prevented by a diet of citrus fruits (such as oranges and lemons) and/ or Vitamin C supplements.

Answer: Pretty good work. A few Corrections/Additions: Almost all fresh fruits and green vegetables contain some ascorbic acid, (Vitamin C), Citrus is not the only source, not even the best, (otherwise half the world would be afflicted with scurvy). One doesn't become 'infected` with scurvy. There is no pathogen. One exhibits symptoms or is afflicted with it. It is called a "deficiency disease". Humans and the other animals you mention are vulnerable to scurvy, not because of a deficiency. They are incapable of synthesizing their own supply of ascorbic acid, and must find it in their diets.

Question: The Circulatory System’s primary function is to? a) make the heart pump b) clean the body of any inpurities c) pump blood throughout the body, carrying oxygen and nutrients to the cells. 2. Match the 4 major parts of blood with their description/function. words are. plasma,platelets,white blood cells,red blood cells definitions it gives. A) these cells contain hemoglobin, which binds with oxygen, and allows these cells to carry oxygen to the parts of the body that needs it. B) fluid portion of the blood that carries many dissolved substances throughout the body to the place they are needed C) There are several forms of this kind of blood cell. Each of them aids in the fight against disease in the body. D) help in clotting the blood when an injury occurs 3. Which of the following blood vessels is described here: One cell wide; point where materials like nutrients, oxygen, and wastes are exchanged from the blood to the cells and visa-versa, and are the connections between the other two types of blood vessels? a) arteries b) veins c) capillaries

Answer: 1. C 2. Red blood cells - A White blood cells - C Platelets - D Plasma - B 3. C

Question: Help with Science, Blood.? I'm working on a practice test.. I'm suposed to fill our the answer, blah blah blah.. and then use it to study for my actual test so this isn't cheating. I'm totally stumped on a few questions... help? Which of the following statements is false? A) Veins carry blood back to the heart. B) Blood travels from arteries to capillaries. C) Capillaries and arteries are similar in size. D) Arteries carry blood away from the heart. & Lymph contains lymphocytes which are a type of _____. A) vessel B) hemoglobin C) white blood cells D) red blood cells & When your body fights a disease it is battling against _____. A) hormones B) mutant lymphocytes C) antibodies D) antigens Thanks so much! Thank you Peter S you were correct!!

Answer: C C D